One of the most exciting questions of our time is certainly that of the right understanding of sexual identity and orientation. The strictly heteronormative sexual morality of earlier times, which was often a reflection of rigorous church guidelines, has increasingly lost credibility over the last fifty years. The accompanying changes led to far-reaching upheavals in society, the church and the armed forces. This revealed a diversity of human sexuality that goes hand in hand with a multitude of anthropological and ethical questions.